溶剂萃取法分离锂同位素研究进展

A Review of Separation of Lithium Isotopes by the Method of Solvent Extraction

中文关键词:  锂同位素分离  溶剂萃取  萃取原理  冠醚  醇  酮  烷基膦  膦酸脂

英文关键词:Lithium isotopes separation  Solvent extraction  Extraction method  Crown ether  Alcohols  Ketones  Alkylphosphine  Phosphonate

中文摘要:

      锂同位素(6Li和7Li)在原子能工业中占据着重要的地位。在众多锂同位素的分离方法和体系中,溶剂萃取法是一种具有较高分离系数,并最有望实现无毒、高效分离的工业生产方法。鉴于此,本文简单阐述了溶剂萃取法分离锂同位素的原理,综述了醇类与酮类、烷基膦与膦酸脂类、冠醚类及其它溶剂萃取体系在锂同位素分离中的研究现状及趋势,并展望了溶剂萃取法在锂同位素分离和未来青海、西藏盐湖中锂资源高值化开发应用中的潜在应用前景。

英文摘要:

      The two naturally occurring isotopes of lithium (6Li and 7Li) occupy important roles in the atomic energy industry. Among many methods for the separation lithium isotopes, solvent extraction is a method not only have a higher isotope separation factor, but also is the most promising method expected to achieve industrial production with no-toxicity and higher efficient. Hence, in this paper, we simply illustrate the method of solvent extraction separation of lithium isotopes, and summarizes the alcohols and ketones, the alkylphosphines and phosphonates, the crown ethers and the other solvent extraction systems in the separation of lithium isotope. We also prospect its potential applications in separation of lithium isotopes and to develop high-value utilization of lithium resources in salt lakes of Qinghai province and Tibet.