大柴旦盐湖硼矿床与国内外硼矿床的对比研究

The Study on Borate Deposit of Da Qaidam Salt Lake Compared to Other Borate Deposits in the World

中文关键词:  硼酸盐矿床  柱硼镁石  钠硼解石  地质特征  大柴旦盐湖

英文关键词:borate deposits  pinnoite  ulexite  geological characteristics  Da Qaidam Salt Lake

中文摘要:

      大柴旦盐湖因蕴藏固体和液体硼矿资源成为柴达木盆地诸多盐湖中最早被关注和开发的盐湖之一。不仅如此,还沉积有全球少有分布的湖底特色柱硼镁石矿床。本研究基于大柴旦盐湖硼矿床的地质特征和硼同位素地球化学特征,与国内外不同硼矿床开展对比研究,旨在探讨主控硼矿床形成的影响因素及其异同点。研究发现,大柴旦盐湖硼矿床与国内外硼矿床的形成均受控于新构造运动、封闭-半封闭的低洼汇水盆地以及极度干旱的气候条件等因素,以及所有硼矿床均与火山活动有密切关联,成矿物质特别是硼元素主要来源于与火山活动伴生的热泉水或温泉水。主控因子化学组分或盐湖水化学特性的不同致使硼矿物的种类和矿物共生组合特征等方面表现出一定的差异性。

英文摘要:

      Da Qaidam Salt Lake, northern Qaidam Basin, is known for its liquid and solid boron resource. More than that, pinnoite bearing sediments, occurred in this lake, are rare in the world. Based on the geological characteristics and boron isotopic geochemical characteristics of Da Qaidam Salt Lake, and compared to other borate deposits in the world, the study aims to discuss the controlling factors of borate formation and differences. The results showed that all borate deposits controlled by neotectonics, enclosed-semienclosed low catchment basin and hyper-arid climate conditions, as well as volcanic activities, the metallogenic materials especially boron are derived from thermal spring water associated with volcanic activities. Chemical composition or salt-lake hydrochemical characteristic is a main controlling factor, which resulted in the differences of borate ore and mineral assemblages.