柴达木盆地盐湖区环境污染消纳能力分析

Analysis of Environmental Pollution Dissipation Capacity of Salt Lake Area in the Qaidam Basin

中文关键词:  柴达木盆地  盐湖  环境自净能力  污染消纳

英文关键词::Qaidam Basin  Salt Lake  Environmental Self Purification Capacity  Pollution Dissipation

中文摘要:

      近年来,随着柴达木盆地盐湖资源开发的规模和强度不断增加,环境负载也逐步加大。根据柴达木盆地自然环境特征,分析了盐湖区大气、土壤、水环境污染情况及影响污染物消纳能力的主要因素。采用大气自净能力指数(ASI)、水环境自净能力等级(M)和土壤自然消减能力(NAC)等指标,从大气、土壤、水环境等方面半定量和定量评价了柴达木盆地盐湖区环境污染消纳能力。结果表明柴达木盆地盐湖区内水环境自净能力的等级系数为1.34,水环境自净能力较弱；平均大气自净能力指数是3.85 t/(d·km²),大气环境自净能力一般；土壤自然消减能力平均值为0.639,土壤自净能力中等。总体来看,降水少、风尘大等因素导致柴达木盆地自然消纳能力较低,盐湖开发过程中必须高度重视生态环境保护。

英文摘要:

      In this paper, the atmospheric, soil and water environmental pollution in the Salt Lake area and the main factors affecting the pollutant abatement capacity were analyzed according to the natural environmental characteristics of the Qaidam Basin. The Atmospheric Self purifying capacity Index (ASI) of the atmosphere, the self purifying capacity class (M) of the water environment and the natural abatement capacity (NAC) of the soil were used to evaluate the environmental pollution abatement capacity of the salt lake area in the Qaidam Basin semi quantitatively and quantitatively in terms of the atmosphere, soil and water environment. The results show that the self purification ability of water environment in the salt lake area of the Qaidam Basin is very weak, the self purification ability of atmosphere environment is average, and the self purification ability of soil is medium. Due to the influence of low precipitation and high wind and dust, the natural dissipation capacity of the Qaidam Basin is low, and ecological environmental protection must be paid attention to during the development of the salt lake.