基于主成分分析法油气田污染物迁移特征分析

Analysis of Pollutant Migration Characteristics in Oil and Gas Fields Based on Principal Component Analysis

中文关键词:  PCA  迁移模型  油气田  污染物  土壤

英文关键词:PCA  Migration model  Oil and gas fields  Pollutants  Soil

中文摘要:

      为改善油气田开采环境,结合主成分分析法(Principal Component Analysis)与污染物迁移模型,对研究区的油气田开采过程中的污染物进行了分析。介绍了油气田开采产生污染物的研究背景,其次结合PCA对污染物中的主要成分进行了筛选,构建了污染物迁移模型。结果表明,本文中的主要污染物为石油类、酸、氟离子、氯离子和COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand)、BOD(Biochemical oxygen demand),石油类所占比重最大,为23.63%；石油类污染物在黑钙土中的迁移最广,直至土层厚度为35 cm；石油类污染物在黑钙土中的迁移符合负指数规律；当酸液浓度在1%、2%、3%、4%时,氢离子在土壤中随深度的变化一致,土层厚度为20 cm时,11%的酸液酸值高于低浓度土壤酸值；氯离子和氟离子的迁移深度变化基本符合负指数变化规律；低浓度的污染物比高浓度的污染物更早达到定值；石油类污染物在土壤中的迁移能力较弱；研究实验值与模拟值基本一致,研究成果良好。石油类污染物在土壤中的迁移能力较弱,酸性污染物对土壤有一定影响。

英文摘要:

      In order to improve the exploitation environment of oil and gas fields,this paper analyzes the pollutants in the exploitation process of oil and gas fields in the study area by combining Principal Component Analysis and pollutant migration model.This study introduces the research background of pollutants produced by oil and gas field exploitation.Secondly,the main components of pollutants are screened by PCA,and the pollutant migration model is constructed.The results show that the main pollutants in this paper are petroleum,acid,fluoride ion,chloride ion,COD(Chemical Oxygen Demand),BOD(Biochemical oxygen demand),and petroleum accounts for the largest proportion,accounting for 23.63%.Petroleum pollutants migrate most widely in chernozem until the thickness of soil layer is 35cm；.The migration of petroleum pollutants in chernozem conforms to the negative exponential law.When the acid concentration is 1%,2%,3% and 4%,the changes of hydrogen ions in soil are consistent with the depth.When the soil thickness is 20cm,the acid value of 11% acid solution is higher than that of low concentration soil.The migration depth of chloride ions and fluoride ions basically conforms to the negative exponential change rule.Low concentration pollutants reach the fixed value earlier than high concentration pollutants；The migration ability of petroleum pollutants in soil is weak；The experimental values of this study are basically consistent with the simulated values,and the research results are good.The migration ability of petroleum pollutants in soil is weak,while acidic pollutants have certain influence on soil.