锂离子电池硼基电解液添加剂的研究进展

Research Progress of Boron-based Electrolyte Additives for Lithium-ion Batteries

中文关键词:  硼基添加剂  电解液  锂离子电池  作用机理

英文关键词:Boron based additives  Electrolyte  Lithium ion batteries  Mechanism

中文摘要:

      电解液作为电池中离子运输的载体,对电池的综合性能如阻抗、容量、循环寿命等有着不可忽视的影响。特别是电池在高温高压下使用时,电解液会发生严重的氧化分解,造成电池的高阻抗、低容量,进而影响电池的长循环过程。在优化电池性能的诸多方法中,使用添加剂作为一种更加经济、高效的方法,成为了研究的热点。应用于电解液中的部分添加剂具有良好的成膜性能,能够稳定电极—电解液界面,达到优化电解液的目的。在诸多添加剂的研究开发中,用来改进电池性能的含硼添加剂被广泛报道。主要综述了锂盐型、硼酸酯类和硼基杂环类这三种锂离子电池硼基电解液添加剂,分别阐述了它们的电化学性质、正负极成膜的作用机理以及对电池的影响。最后对电解液添加剂用于提高锂离子电池综合性能的研究方向进行了展望。

英文摘要:

      As the carrier of ion transport in the battery,the electrolyte has a significant impact on the comprehensive performance of the battery,such as impedance,capacity,and cycle life.Especially when the battery is used under high temperature and pressure,the electrolyte will undergo serious oxidation and decomposition,resulting in high impedance and low capacity of the battery and thus affecting the long cycle process of the battery.Among many ways to optimize the battery performance,the utilization of additives has become a research focus as a more economical and efficient method.Some additives have been applied to electrolytes with good film-forming properties to stabilize the electrode-electrolyte interface for the purpose of electrolyte optimization.Among the research of many additives,boron-containing additives have been widely reported to improve the battery performance.Three boron-based lithium-ion batteries electrolyte additives are reviewed in this paper,including types of lithium salt,borate ester and boron-based heterocyclic.The electrochemical properties,the mechanism of film formation on cathode and anode,and the effects on the battery are described.Finally,the research directions of electrolyte additives for improving the comprehensive performance of lithium-ion batteries are prospected.