柴达木盆地那棱格勒河冲积扇浅层地下水的脆弱性评价

Vulnerability Assessment of Shallow Groundwater of Nalenggele Alluvial Fan， Qaidam Basin

中文关键词:  那棱格勒河冲积扇  浅层地下水  脆弱性评价  DRASTIC模型  地下水利用

英文关键词:Nalenggele alluvial fan  Shallow groundwater  Vulnerability assessment  DRASTIC Model  Groundwater utilization

中文摘要:

      那棱格勒河冲积扇含水层中赋存了巨大的地下淡水资源，除了维持流域生态用水之外，将用于为尾闾盐湖区提供生产和生活用水，其潜力十分巨大。地下水脆弱性评价是为了表征人类活动或自然作用下地下水水质对地表污染物的敏感性。本文在收集和整理了 42口水文地质钻孔数据的基础上，利用 DRASTIC模型对那棱格勒河流域 1级冲积扇潜水进行脆弱性评价。结果显示，那棱格勒河 I级冲积扇脆弱性指数大小范围为 110～170，按脆弱性指数大小 110～ 140、140～150、150～160、160～170分别分为极低—低敏感区、中等敏感区、高敏感区和极度敏感区 4个区域，所占的面积比分别为 2.13%、4.35%、17.81%和 75.72%，高敏感区和极度敏感区主要分布在冲积扇中部和整个冲积平原地带，沿着河流方向地下水的脆弱性越大。评价结果表明那棱格勒河冲积扇地下水的固有脆弱性较脆弱，即对地表污染物的敏感度高。研究结果将对那棱格勒河冲积扇地下水资源的保护和开发利用提供科学依据。

英文摘要:

      The Nalenggele alluvial fan aquifer is reserved huge fresh groundwater resource，which is not only kept the ecological water，but also has great potential to provide groundwater for salt industry and domesticwater in the salt lake area. The groundwater vulnerability assessment is intended to characterize surface pollut.ants in groundwater quality under human activities or natural effects. The paper was collected 42 hydogeologi.cal boreholes of the study area，and utilized the DRASTIC model to assess vulnerability of Nalenggele alluvialI fan. The results indicated that，the vulnerability index of nalenggele I alluvial fan ranges from 110 to 170， which can be divided into four regions:Extremely Low-Low Sensitive Area(110～140)， Medium Sensitive Area(140～150)，High Sensitive Area(150～160)and Extremely Sensitive Area(160～170)，respectively， with the area ratio for 2.13%，4.35%，17.81% and 75.72%，respectively. The High Sensitive Area and Ex.tremely Sensitive Area are mainly distributed in the middle of alluvial fan and the whole alluvial plain，with increasing vulnerability index of groundwater along the river direction. Meanwhile，the evaluation results sug. gested that the inherent vulnerability of the groundwater is relatively fragile，meaning that the groundwater ishighly sensitivity by surface pollutants. The results of the study will provide a scientific basis for the protectionand exploitation of groundwater resources in Nalenggele alluvial fan.