基于 SWAT模型的那棱格勒河流域径流模拟及水量平衡分析

Runoff Simulation and Water Balance Analysisin the Nalenggele River Basin Using the SWAT Model

中文关键词:  径流模拟  SWAT模型  径流成分  那棱格勒河流域

英文关键词:Runoffsimulation  SWATmodel  Runoffcomponents  NalenggeleRiver.

中文摘要:

      那棱格勒河是柴达木盆地内流域面积和流量最大的内陆河流。本文在那棱格勒河上游构建了 SWAT分布式水文模型，采用 SUFI-2算法进行参数敏感度分析、率定和验证，对 1979—2018年的月值径流量进行模拟分析。结果表明，敏感度最强的前 3个参数依次为融雪基温、降雪气温及气温直减率，在率定期和验证期决定系数 R2和 Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数分别高于 0.81和 0.65。水量平衡分析结果显示 1979—2018年流域的蒸发量、地表径流量、地下水补给量、地下侧流量分别占降水的 92.30%、17.76%、16.18%和 5.84%。表明流域内径流量主要来自冰雪融水，各水量平衡分量受温度影响较大。降水量变化趋势与地表径流量变化趋势较一致，说明降水转化为径流的时间较短。本研究对那棱格勒河流域水文研究及水资源调控具有参考意义。

英文摘要:

      The Nalenggele River is the largest inland river in terms of both drainage area and runoffin the Qaidam Basin. In this study，we developed a distributed hydrological model，SWAT，and employed the SUFI-2algorithmtoperformparametersensitivityanalysis，calibration，andvalidation，conductingsimulation analyses on monthly runoffdata ofthe upper reaches of the NalenggeleRiver，spanningfrom 1979 to 2018. Ourfindingsrevealthatthreeparametersexhibitthehighestsensitivity:snowmeltbasetemperature，snowfall temperature，and temperature reduction rate. During both the calibration and validation periods，the coefficientofdetermination(R2)andNash-Sutcliffeefficiencycoefficientexceed0.81and0.65，respectively. A water balance analysis sheds light on the contribution of various components to the precipitation from 1979 to 2018. Specifically，evaporation，surface runoff，groundwater recharge，and groundwater lateral flow account for 70.89%，12.99%，11.84%，and 4.27% of the precipitation，respectively. The primary source of runoff in the basin is snow and ice melt，with temperature exerting a significant impact on the factors of the water balance. Furthermore，trend analysis demonstrates a consistent correlation between precipitation and surface runoff，indicating a relatively short timeframe for precipitation to transform into runoff. This research has significant implications for hydrological research and the management of water resourcesintheNalenggeleRiverBasin.